Application: Developing a Health Advocacy Campaign (continued): Ethical Considerations

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The purpose for this paper is to use Part 1 and part II Paper combine into part 3 assignment . I sent all the information because it will help with part Part 3

Application: Part 1 – Developing an Advocacy Campaign
The following application (Part 1) will be due in week 4.
To prepare:
Select a population health issue of interest to you and identify the population affected by the issue.
Locate two scholarly articles, each of which provides a description of an effective health advocacy campaign that addresses your issue. The articles need to focus on two different advocacy campaigns.
Analyze the attributes of the two campaigns to determine what made them effective.
Reflect on a policy you could propose or suggest a change to a current policy to improve the health of the population you selected.
Consider how you could develop an advocacy campaign, applying the attributes identified in similar, effective campaigns.
To complete:
For the Part 1 application (approximately 34 pages of content with a title page and references in APA format) address the following:
Describe your selected population health issue and the population affected by this issue.
Summarize the two advocacy campaigns you researched in this area.
Explain the attributes that made those campaigns effective.
Begin to develop a plan for a health advocacy campaign that seeks to create a new policy or change an existing policy with regard to the issue and population you selected. Be sure to include in your plan:

A description of the public health issue and proposed policy solution
Specific objectives for the policy you want to be implemented
Begin to substantiate of your proposed campaign by data and evidence.
Be sure to paste the rubric at the end of your paper.

Developing an Advocacy Campaign Part ONE

Tobacco Abuse Among Teenager
Nicotine containing product and tobacco become a concern among teenager in the United States. It has been decline for many years but after several types of research now it has confirmed that smoking initiation begins at the younger age. After research, it was found out that one of the most serious health problems of all pediatric health is tobacco use.( Shadel, Shiffman, Niaura, Nichter, & Abrams, 2012 )
Research shows that tobacco or nicotine smoking is rising among teenager in the United States. The study indicates that the rise is high in public school than private schools. This can be based on student socioeconomic status but not sure according to the research. An evidence base research has shown that redisposition, environmental factors such as family and peers and also life event are some of the risk factors that can contribute to tobacco use among teenagers. Family relationships and parenting styles are almost involves as mediators factor. ( Shadel, Shiffman, Niaura, Nichter, & Abrams, 2012 ). There are direct and indirect peer pressure that are associated with teen tobacco abuse. Indirect pressure occurs when a child is associated with peers who smoke and direct when peers enough or physically offer the substance.(Healthy people, 2010). Evidence are shown that teenager who parents smoke are more likely to smoke because they easily have access to cigarette (Wakefield, Loken, Hornik, 2010 ). They also lack authority as advocates of nonsmoking. The study indicates that students whose friends smoke are more likely to smoke than those with no smoking friends (Healthy people, 2010). A teenager is as likely to smoke when they had been offered cigarette by a peer. Smoking affects teens profoundly. According to the Surgeon General, 1200 deaths from smoking occur every day from smoking. Youth smoking leads to the premature development of lungs, and the child may become and adult with an immature lung that may have not fully developed to full capacity. (Raitakari, Juonala, Kahonen, Taittonen, Laitinen, Mki-Torkko, kerblom,2013). Approximately one-third of youth who use tobacco may die prematurely or may diagnose with early sign of heart disease; they also have the greater chance of having lung cancer. (Raitakari, Juonala, Kahonen, Taittonen, Laitinen, Mki-Torkko, kerblom,2013). Study show that someone who does not use tobacco lives seven more than someone who smokes one pack of cigarettes everyday, teenage smokers suffer from suffering from shortness of breath more often than nonsmoker, they also suffer from psychological and emotional distress.( Raitakari, Juonala, Kahonen, Taittonen, Laitinen, Mki-Torkko, kerblom,2013).
There are different campaigns such as campaign for tobacco free kid and Youth tobacco prevention mass media campaigns. Campaign for Tobacco-free Kids objective is to fight to reduce tobacco use and its deadly toll in the USA and around the world. Their goal is to prevent kids from smoking and also help smokers quit and protect second-hand smoking. Campaign for Tobacco free for kids uses different strategies by using comprehensive ban on advertising, promotion, and sponsorships. Researchers showed that comprehensive ban is more effective than partial. Public education can be another vital stool use to prevent tobacco among teenage, encourage the teenager to quit and to change social context of smoking so that pro-tobacco advertising message will not be longer dominant. The smoke-free law is part of the campaign. This law requires all public and workplaces to be smoke-free. The study shows that second-hand smoke is exposed to lung cancer, heart disease, respiratory disease almost same disease like an actual smoker. A smoke-free law is one of the laws that is easy to implement and do not have any impact on businesses. Taxation and price are part of the tobacco-free for the kid. It is clear that by increasing tobacco price tobacco consumption among young will decrease, and discourage new users. Higher taxes will discourage youth and low-income smokers.
Antitobacco media campaign intended to influence youth cognitions or behavior or explore the relative effectiveness of campaign characteristics among youth. (Wakefield, Loken, Hornik, 2010 ). According to research, Antitobacco media campaigns can be effective. The purpose of the campaign is of reach all youth across racial and ethnic populations. Since youth are more to think about intense message, sound, using health consequences message can have positive effect by influences youth tobacco user.
Health advocacy campaign plan
Lack of education can be the main cause of teen tobacco abuse. The purpose of this campaign is to discuss the impact that education can reduce tobacco among teenager. According to study, more than 3200 teens under 18 smokes for the first time every day (Healthy people, 2010). Media should constantly talk about the negative impact of tobacco. School should have a special program on how cigarette smoking affects people health. Teens who smoke need the motivation to quit; we can help them by provide them with information, books and show them websites that can help them stop smoking. It is not easy to stop tobacco use, it is very stressful experience, and we need to encourage them. Communication is very important when it comes to convince anyone to quit tobacco use. Teens are still at their beginning; it will be easier to bring teens and their peer together to talk about tobacco and the negative impact on their health.
Conclusion
Tobacco is dangerous for us and to people around us. Adolescents body still growing and they are vulnerable to fatal effects of tobacco use. Lungs function of the smoking child decline during late adolescent. The study shows that a chronic cough and wheezing and related to impaired lung growth (Healthy people, 2010). Tobacco should be taken serious, children are suffering and they need help.
. References
People, H. (2010). Leading health indicators. HEDISk, DQuIPl measure sets) to.
Raitakari, O. T., Juonala, M., Khnen, M., Taittonen, L., Laitinen, T., Mki-Torkko, N., … & kerblom, H. K. (2013). Cardiovascular risk factors in childhood and carotid artery intima-media thickness in adulthood: the Cardiovascular Risk in Young Finns Study. Jama, 290(17), 2277-2283.
Shadel, W. G., Shiffman, S., Niaura, R., Nichter, M., & Abrams, D. B. (2012). Current models of nicotine dependence: what is known and what is needed to advance understanding of tobacco etiology among youth. Drug and alcohol dependence, 59, 9-22.
Wakefield, M. A., Loken, B., & Hornik, R. C. (2010). Use of mass media campaigns to change health behaviour. The Lancet, 376(9748), 1261-1271.
My second paper
Developing an Advocacy Campaign Part 2

The following application, Part 2, will be due in Week 7.

To prepare:
Review Chapter 3 of Milstead, J. A. (2016). Health policy and politics: A nurses guide (5th ed.). Burlington, MA: Jones and Bartlett Publishers.
In the first assignment, you reflected on whether the policy you would like to promote could best be achieved through the development of new legislation, or a change in an existing law or regulation. Refine as necessary using any feedback from your first paper.
Contemplate how existing laws or regulations may affect how you proceed in advocating for your proposed policy.
Consider how you could influence legislators or other policymakers to enact the policy you propose.
Think about the obstacles of the legislative process that may prevent your proposed policy from being implemented as intended.

To complete:

Part Two will have approximately 34 pages of content plus a title page and references. Part Two will address the following:
Explain whether your proposed policy could be enacted through a modification of existing law or regulation or the creation of new legislation/regulation.
Explain how existing laws or regulations could affect your advocacy efforts. Be sure to cite and reference the laws and regulations using primary sources.
Provide an analysis of the methods you could use to influence legislators or other policymakers to support your policy. In particular, explain how you would use the three legs of lobbying in your advocacy efforts.
Summarize obstacles that could arise in the legislative process and how to overcome these hurdles.
Paste the rubric at the end of your paper.

My part 2 paper
Tobacco abuse has a huge impact on our society today. According to researcher, factors such as family, life event, parenting style, family relationship, and peers contribute to tobacco user among teen. Our society has a lot of programs that can help stop smoking among teens. The different campaign seems to work but as part of the health care professional my proposal to solve tobacco abuse among teen is to focus on the causes.
Since family and parenting style are considered as the main factor that causes smoking in teenage, as health care provider, I will identify children that at least one parent smoke. I will either have the meeting with parent and their teenager. During the meeting, I will ask the teenager to help parent stop smoking. During the meeting, I will provide the brochures with the cartoon to show how cigarette smoking can be very dangerous and destroy the human being. The dream of each child is to see their parent healthy, assisted to their graduation, to their marriage and play with their grandchildren. During the meeting, I will encourage parents to discuss with their children the dangers of tobacco abuse and both parents and their teenage will work together. The focus on this discussion will encourage parents to reinforce what they already know about tobacco abuse, the benefits of tobacco cessation and teaching them to their children. Humans tend to want to act consistently with what the teach others.( Gordon, 2010). By teaching your child, you hold yourself more accountable. If you teach it, you are more likely to do it yourself ( Gordon, 2010).
Peers also contributed to tobacco user among teenager. Many teenagers become the smoker or tobacco abuse because of the peers. As a health care personnel, my responsibility will be to educate these children. We need to show them how to be self-confident, look for a positive friend, friend that will help them move forward with their plan and projects, I will teach the teenager to learn how to say no and stay away from pressure environment. My plan will be to encourage parents to be more involve in different activity with the child, try to be close to the child, it will allow the child to void out any peer pressure he may experience.
Explain whether your proposed policy could be enacted through a modification of existing law or regulation or the creation of new legislation.
My proposal policy could be made into law through a modification of existing law. My proposal policy could be made into law if after a study or survey participant who is parents with their teenage show interest of quit smoking. After the study, we should evaluate, if the study has a positive effect, and the participants report satisfaction or quit smoking. In the United States, the total lost due to smoking is estimated at $97 billion every year. ( Fiore, Jaen, Baker, Bailey, Benowitz, Curry, & Henderson, 2008). Bills are ideas that legislators have determined need to be enacted into law; it can be the lobbyist on behalf their client or special interest groups. (Milstead, 2016). Since we spend a lot of money treating disease cause by tobacco abuse, my proposal will be submitted to Congress for further evaluation and adoption.
How existing laws or regulations could affect my advocacy efforts on teen tobacco?
Federal Public Law 102-321, orders that states must both apply laws limiting the sale and supply of tobacco products to youths, and show success in dropping youth tobacco access( Warner,2010). The federal government also Increase taxation on cigarette price, the purpose is to reduce, discourage or prevent some teenagers from starting smoking (Warner, 2010). Base on all these laws, my advocacy effort will just help the federal government to reinforce the existing law. Lobby or another law maker can oppose my advocacy effort because of their personal interest or interest of their supporter.
.Provide an analysis of the methods you could use to influence legislators or other policymakers to support your policy. In particular, explain how you would use the three legs of lobbying in your advocacy efforts.
There are different steps that can be used to make policymaker support my policy. I will use the three legs of lobbying such as direct lobbying, political action committee and Grassroots. As the healthcare provider, I should make sure my state senator and his staffs are aware of my policy; I will get in touch with the order members of the Senate, and discuss my concerns and how to solve it, keep in touch with them to talk about any further concern. I will contact the government to make sure that there is enough money to support my bills. I will contact other companies that may help and give feedback so that this bills should not affect other members of the Congress. Grassroots are the lobbyists that have the power to vote. There is no law that can pass without their input. For my new policy, I need to work with the lobbyist to get my law pass.
Conclusion.
Nurses as healthcare person have a right to advocate for patients. Nurses have direct contact with a patient and can facilitate communication between patient and the government. Nurses are involved in patient care than any other healthcare personnel and should have input on the law that concern healthcare.
References
Fiore, M. C., Jaen, C. R., Baker, T., Bailey, W. C., Benowitz, N. L., Curry, S. E. E. A., … & Henderson, P. N. (2008). Treating tobacco use and dependence: 2008 update. Rockville, MD: US Department of Health and Human Services.
Gordon, T. (2010). Parent effectiveness training: The proven program for raising responsible children. Harmony.
Milstead, J. A. (2016). Health policy and politics: A nurses guide (5th ed.). Burlington, MA: Jones & Bartlett Learning, LLC.
Warner, K. E. (2010). Tobacco control policy (Vol. 21). John Wiley & Sons.

Application: Developing a Health Advocacy Campaign (continued): Ethical Considerations

The final application builds upon the applications (Parts One and Two) completed in weeks 4 and 7.

To complete the final section of your paper:
Review provisions 7, 8, and 9 of the ANA Code of Ethics in relation to advocacy for population health.
Reflect on the ethical considerations you may need to take into account in your advocacy campaign.
Research the ethical considerations and lobbying laws relevant to the location where your advocacy campaign will occur.
Consider potential ethical dilemmas you might face in your campaign.

To complete: Revise and combine Part one (week 4 application) and Part Two (week 7 application) with Part Three below.
Explain any ethical dilemmas that could arise during your advocacy campaign, and how you would resolve them.
Describe the ethics and lobbying laws that are applicable to your advocacy campaign.
Evaluate the special ethical challenges that are unique to the population you are addressing.
Provide a cohesive summary for your paper.

Reminder: You will submit one cogent paper that combines the previous applications from weeks 4 and 7 plus the new material mentioned in the week 8 application. Your paper should be about 10 pages of content, not including the title page and references. Be sure to paste the rubric at the end of your paper.
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