Explain how white-collar crime has been defined.

Order Description

Hello writer, my professor has provided us with instructions and the resources we need to complete this research paper. We cannot use any outside readings. I need an outline completed by June 5th. Also, a rough draft is needed by July 5th, and the final paper is do July 20th. Have attached the readings and other pertinent information.

Your Assignment

Your assignment is to write a paper on the social and organizational factors that influence white-collar crime, especially as it occurs in corporations. Your paper must address the following issues and questions.

1. Identify and discuss the important characteristics of white-collar crime and white-collar offenders. Your answer must address the following four directives.
a. Explain how white-collar crime has been defined.
b. Explain how white-collar crime differs from other types of crime.
c. Explain how white-collar offenders differ from other types of criminal offenders.
d. Explain how female white-collar offenders differ from male white-collar offenders?
2. Many of the most serious white-collar crimes occur in large organizations. In this section of your paper, you must
a. Identify the characteristics and modes of operation of large organizations that appear to influence white-collar crime.
b. Explain how these characteristics appear to affect men and women differently in regard to their involvement in white-collar crime. In other words, how do women and men in large organizations compare to one another in terms of their involvement in white-collar crime?
c. You can use examples of cases from the readings to illustrate your arguments.
3. As you should have learned from completing the first part of the project, most of the people who commit white-collar crimes do not have the same social backgrounds as people who commit ordinary street crimes. In this section of the paper, discuss
a. How people who are otherwise law abiding upstanding members of the community make decisions and engage in activities that violate the law in their work roles.
b. How do they justify this behavior to themselves?
4. Finally, in light of what you have learned about white-collar crime by writing this paper and what you have learned about the criminal justice system in your other courses, answer this question:

a. Do you think the criminal justice system as it currently operates can be effective in controlling white-collar crime? If yes, why? If no, why not?
b. I want you to make a reasoned argument about the problem of controlling corporate crime. Do you think we should rely just on the criminal justice system to control corporate crime, or should we depend on regulation, or should we use some combination of criminal justice and regulatory controls?
c. I have assigned three chapters from the book Understanding White-Collar Crime: An Opportunity Perspective to give you some ideas, but you should try to bring in what you have learned from other courses or from your own experience as you address this question. This question asks for your opinion. It has no necessarily right or wrong answer and you do not have to cite any sources in this part of your paper. I want to know what you think about the potential effectiveness of the criminal justice system as a means of controlling corporate crime based on what you have learned in this program. This section of the paper should be from three to five pages in length.

I have provided a reading list that provides all of the material that you need to address the issues and questions posed above. In addition, you may consult any outside material that you wish. If you have taken my Seminar in White-Collar Crime and still have the readings and books for that course, you will find material in those sources helpful. However, you do not need any additional materials to complete this project other than the material on the reading list.

List of Readings for Option A

1. The Distinguishing Characteristics of White-Collar Offenders and White-Collar Offenses
Benson, Michael L. and Sally S. Simpson. 2015. Understanding White-Collar Crime: An Opportunity Perspective. Chapters 1, 2 and 4.
Edelhertz, Herbert. 1970. The Nature, Impact, and Prosecution of White-Collar Crime. Washington, DC: U. S. Department of Justice.
Shapiro, Susan. 1990. Collaring the Crime, Not the Criminal: Reconsidering the Concept of White-Collar Crime. American Sociological Review 55:346-365.
Daly, Kathleen. 1989. Gender and Varieties of White-Collar Crime. Criminology 27:769-794.

Sutherland, Edwin H. 1940. White-Collar Criminality. American Sociological Review 5:1-12.
Sutherland, Edwin H. Is White-Collar Crime, Crime? American Sociological Review 10:132-139.
2. Corporate Crime and Organizational Theory
Benson, Michael L. and Sally S. Simpson. 2015. Understanding White-Collar Crime: An Opportunity Perspective. Chapters 7 and 8.
Tillman, Robert H., Henry N. Pontell, and William K. Black. 2018. Financial Crime and Crises in the Era of False Profits. Chapters 2 and 3 (especially the Discussion sections) and Chapters 6 and 7.
Gross, Edward. 1978. \”Organizational Crime: A Theoretical Perspective.\” Pp. 55-85 in Studies in Symbolic Interaction, vol. 1, edited by Norman Denzin. Greenwood, CN: JAI Press.
Andy Hochstetler and Heith Copes. 2002. Organizational Culture and Organizational Crime pp. 210-221 in Crimes of Privilege edited by Neal Shover and John Paul Wright.
Needleman, Martin L. and Carolyn Needleman. 1979. Organizational Crime: Two Models of Criminogenesis. Sociological Quarterly 20:517-520.
Steffensmeier, Darrell F., Jennifer Schwartz and Michael Roche. 2013. Gender and 21st Century Corporate Crime: Female Involvement and Gender Gap in Enron-Era Corporate Frauds. American Sociological Review 78:448-476.
3. Justifying White-Collar Crime
Benson, Michael L. and Sally S. Simpson. 2015. Understanding White-Collar Crime: An Opportunity Perspective. Chapter 7.
Benson, Michael L. 1985a. \”Denying the Guilty Mind: Accounting for Involvement in a White-Collar Crime.\” Criminology 23:583-607.
Tillman, Robert H., Henry N. Pontell, and William K. Black. 2018. Financial Crime and Crises in the Era of False Profits. Chapter 1, especially pp. 22-24.
4. Controlling White-Collar Crime
Benson, Michael L. and Sally S. Simpson. 2015. Understanding White-Collar Crime an Opportunity Perspective. Chapters 9, 10, and 11.

Technical Details

Your paper should be between 15 and 25 pages in length not counting the title page and list of references. Your paper should be divided into four sections corresponding to the four question areas. I Do not turn in a paper that has no sub-headings or divisions within the text. Please have a title page, and at the end of your paper, please include a list of references that is organized alphabetically by author.

In Text Citations

If you take ideas from any of the articles that Ive asked you to read, you need to give credit to the source. Failing to acknowledge the source of an idea is plagiarism. To learn more about what plagiarism is and how to avoid it, see the material on plagiarism that has been posted for this course.

In the body of the paper, when you want to cite one of your sources, please do so by putting the last name of the author or authors in parentheses with the date of the publication. For example, suppose you took an idea from the book by Benson and Simpson, you would cite it this way:

Leaders in large organizations often are clueless about what is going on in their own companies (Benson and Simpson, 2015).

Or like this:

According to Benson and Simpson (2015), people in large for profit corporations can make incredibly dumb decisions.

List of References

At the end of your paper, please include a list of references. If you are doing Option A your references will most likely only include the articles on the reading list. Therefore, you can cut and paste them from this syllabus into your papers reference list. If you are doing Option B, put your references in the same form as shown above in the list of readings for Option A.

Grammar and Style

Please proofread your paper carefully. You have a lot of time to write the paper. So, there is no excuse for misspellings and grammatical errors. Your paper should be well organized and well written. Something that I do to help my writing is to read what I write aloud to myself. It is amazing how quickly you can spot clumsy writing when you read something out loud. To paraphrase Duke Ellington, if it doesnt sound good, it aint good and it certainly wont come across clearly to me or anyone else who reads your work.
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